高三英语教案：unin13

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一、教学目标与要求

通过本单元教学，学生应能熟练地运用表示“提供和拒绝帮助”的常用语;复习句子的成分——主语;了解纽约的发展历史和土著人被压迫的历史。

二、教学重点与难点

1.重点词汇

1. a handful of 2. tear down 3. turn away 4. now that引导状语从句 5. take possession of 6. have an effect on 7. make agreements with 8. become know as… 9. deal with 10. in turn 11. in the rush

2.重点句型

1)Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.

2)This is because the surface of the earth is not flat but round.

3)Now that they could ride horses, it became easier to hunt the bison.

4)This in return had an effect on the food supply for wolves.

3.语法 复习和归纳句子的成分——主语

1)The first settlers on the plains were farmers.

2)The killing of the bison changed the whole wild life of the plains.

3)Whether he will come or not is unknown.

4)To see is to believe.

5)The learned should be respected.

教学建议

教学教法：

进入高三下学期的学习，基本进入了全面备考状态。北京特级教师张铁城老师有如下建议：

1. 对近年高考题精耕细作，反对盲目的题海战术。

2. 不要单纯背词汇表，要把词汇与语法结合起来，要在具体语篇中记忆词汇。

3. 要多读多题材的阅读文，特别是现代生活中的热点问题。

4. 要增加听力训练的力度，充分利用高三课本资源。

词语辨析：

1.By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125 000, making it the largest city in the USA.

making it the largest city in the USA是分词短语作结果状语。动词make 意为“使成为”，接名词或形容词构成复合结构。如：

The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.

Her husband died in the war, making her a widow with three children2.In 1858 an area of poor housing, factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central park was created, reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across three avenues.

1)tear(tore，tom)是动词，意为“撕开，扯掉”。短语动词 tear down，意为“撕下，拆毁”。如：

tear down a notice 撕下一张通知

tear down a dangerous wall 拆毁一道危墙

2)reach作“延伸”解。reaching from 59th Street. . . and across three avenues是现在分词作定语，修饰Central park，相当于一个定语从句。

①现在分词作后置定语相当于限制性定语从句，表示主动的动作或动作正在进行。

Anyone swimming will be punished.

The road joining the two villages is very wide.连接这两个村子的路非常宽。

③现在分词的被动语态作后置定语(既表示被动，也表示动作正在进行)

The question being discussed is very important.

Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher?

3.In 1892 the age of mass arrival began, during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis into the USA. over a period of 62 years.

1)mass是名词，意为“大量，大批”，mass arrival是名词修饰名词，mass作定语。英语中名词修饰名词是常有的现象。如：

head teacher班主任 express train快车

news broadcast 新闻广播 welcome speech 欢迎词

time table时间表 orange juice 橘子汁

press conference 记者招待会 research project研究计划

power plant电厂 weather forecast天气预报

2)pass through为固定短语，含义为“穿过，通过，路过”，其中 through既可当介词用，也可当副词用。如：

He passed through unspeakable difficulties.

We're just passing through on our way to Shanghai

4.now that，due to，because of，owing to，since，as

1)now that.作“既然”时相当于since.突出事实性，而as作“既然”语气较弱。有时now that中的that可省去。如：

Now(that)you are well again，you can travel.你既然恢复了健康，就能够旅行了。

2)due to作“由于，因为，应归功于”时常作表语或跟在名词后。如：

The flight was cancelled due to the storm.班机因暴风雨停航了。

3)because of“由于，因为”只能引导副词短语，在句中作状语或表语。如：

Lincoln is admired because of his leadership.林肯由于出色的领导而受到人们的赞赏。

4)owing to“由于，因为”常在现代英语中与 because of，due to换用。如：

Owing to unfavourable weather，I was unable to carry on with it.由于天气不好。我不能把它进行下去。

fwR816.COm阅读欣赏

高三英语教案：unin 14 Roots教学目标

这篇《高三英语教案：unin 14 Roots教学目标》是小编为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助。以下信息仅供参考！！！

一、教学目标 与要求
通过本单元教学，学生应能熟练地运用表示“希望、意愿、祝愿”的常用语；复习it的用法；了解19世纪欧美白人捕捉和贩运黑人作奴隶及虐待他们的罪恶历史。
二、教学重点与难点
1．重点词汇
become of, once in a while, provide, the moment, go back, role, reason
2．重点句型
1)Born a free man, he was now in Chairs．
2)What shocked him most was that the man who carried him were black．
3)Worse was to come．
4)All he knew was that his African ancestor taught his son and grandson the words in his own language for “river” and “guitar”!
3．语法it的用法
1)There's a knock at the door．Who is it?
2)It's a lovely baby．Is it a boy or a girl?
3)It is/has been three years since we last met．
4)It is necessary for you to do so．
5)It was in the street that I met him this morning.

教学建议

教学教法：高三下学期，教师按部就班的讲课文是不现实的。但高三下册书里却有很多精彩的文章及词汇，舍弃又未免可惜。把课文当作听力来上，即锻炼了听力，又培养了语感。如果听力与写作结合，学生的进步会更快。 写作可以练习听后写大意（main idea），写

高三英语教案：unin15 Study skills 上课

Lesson 57 教学设计方案
StepI:Reading:

I). Main facts

Find out the right topic sentence for each paragraph.

paragraph 1 _____ paragraph 2 _____

paragraph 3 _____ paragraph 4 _____

paragraph 5 _____ paragraph 6 _____

II). Further reading

1. Which is the most important tip the author wants to give us in the passage?

A. Three ways of reading.

B. Enjoy our reading.

C. How to decide what to read.

D. How to guess the unknown words.

2. “It's enough to dip into it and read bits here and there.” The underlined phrase in the above sentence can be replaced by ______.

A. put into B. taste

C. swallow D. chew and digest

3. When corning across a new word in reading, we_______.

A. should never turn to a dictionary for help

B. have to guess its exact meaning from the context (上下文)

C. can get some hints (提示) from the situation and repeated examples in the text

D. needn't pay any attention to it

4. The following tips EXCEpT _________ can help you decide whether a book is worth chewing and digesting.

A. to make sure the book is the one you can easily read and understand

B. to get an idea of the organization of the book

C. to read the first few chapters very slowly and Carefully

D. to see whether the book will interest you or not

5. “But not all the stories belong to this class.” The underlined word in the above sentence has the same meaning as the one in “_________”

A. I have been twice at the French class at Morris’s.

B. All matter can be pided into 3 classes: compounds, mixtures and elements.

C. He has a prejudice (偏见) against the English middle class.

D. Are you in the first-year class or the second-year class?

6. An interesting magazine, which you may read in a doctor's waiting room, belongs to the books for ________.

A. swallowing B. tasting

C. chewing and digesting D. A ______he didn't know the subject very well.

(19) Quite a few tips are given on how to be an efficient reader, but ______ we must enjoy our reading.

(20) Your performance didn't meet our demand — _________, you failed.

Keys: (7) pick up (8) picked up (9) belong to (10) dipped into (11) dipped into (12) turned to (13) turn to (14) came across (15) and so on (16) such as (17) in a word (18) at the same time (19) above all (20) in other words

StepIII.Cloze test:

Do you read newspapers regularly? Newspaper articles 1 important and interesting information for people of all ages 2, not all information is of 3 to everyone. Fortunately, finding the sections that 5 you particularly want to read 4 not difficult. There are probably certain sections of the paper 5 interest you most. 6 , the title of articles and the pictures 7 some clues about the contents.

Once you have chosen 8 article to read, you will find the important 9 information 10 the key facts in the first few paragraphs. The remainder( 其余的部分) of most articles gives 11 . These details are usualy 12 because they 13 valuable supporting ideas to help the reader 14 the key facts better.Sometimes they are simply human-interest（人类感兴趣的）details, 15 background information or quotes(引用) from people in the news story.

Remember this important difference 16 a fiction(小说) story and a news story: the ending of a fiction story is important part.It is necessary to read only far 18 in the article to understand 19 has happened. The details are for people 20 are more intersted in that subject.

1.A. cover B.keep C.record D.contain

2.A.Whatever B.Otherwise C.However D.Because

3.A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.important

4.A.is B.be C are D.does

5.A.what B.that C it D.really

6.A. Above all B. In a word C.Beside D.Apart from that

7.A.give B.gives C.make D.makes

8.A.a B.an C.the D.\

9.A common B.ordinary C.general D.detailed

10.A with B.into C.for D.and

11.A facts B.details C.material D.things

12.A.including B.included C.used D.found

13.A provided B.provides C.providing D.provide

14.A.understand B.read C.see D.improve

15.A so that B.such as C.instead of D.in spite of

16.A. of B.from C.between D.among

17.A.the B./ C.a D.an

18.A.behind B.enough C.deep D.quickly

19.A.what B.that C.which D.whose

20.A what B.who C.whom D.when

Lesson 58 教学设计方案

StepI.Reading:

I):Search for answers:

1.What are the two meanings of the phrase “listening skills”?

2.How can we become good listeners?

II).Fast reading

1.The phrase “listening skills” is about _____.

A. the two types of listening to a foreign language

B. the arts of listening to people and learning a foreign language

C. different parts of the Chinese character ting

D. how to make other people listen to you attentively

2. Which of the following is NOT correct about being a good listener?

A. You should listen with complete attention and respect.

B. You shouldn't watch TV while talking with others.

C. You can give necessary advice to your friends in trouble.

D. Don't cut in when others are talking.

3. In the view of the writer, we shouldn't ____while talking in a group.

A. take turns to listen

B. ask any questions

C. look at the speaker

D. speak at the same time

4. When your friend is telling about her grandma’s death, you should ________.

A. ask how she was feeling at the moment

B. give her advice on how to get over it

C. speak about a similar experience

D. just listen to her quietly and attentively

5. The sentence “’Unpided attention’ is another sign of respect” means that ________.

A.you should appear to be listening

B.you may half-listen

C.you should listen with complete attention

D.you must look at the speaker

Keys:1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C

StepII.Language points:

I)There aret wo meanings of the phrase “listening skills”. One refers to the type of listening practice which we do when learning a foreign language.The more we practise, the better we get at listening to speech in a foreign language. The other meaning is about the art of being a good listener to other people.

II)Language focus

1. We all know that, _________, the situation in Afghanistan will get worse.

A. if not dealt carefully with

B. if dealt with not carefully

C. if not carefully dealt with

D. if dealt with carefully not

2. —We could have walked to this French restaurant; it was so near.

—Yes. A taxi ________ at all necessary.

A. wasn't B. hadn't been

C. wouldn't D. won't be

3. I would gladly pay ______ for the unusual stamp because it is of great value to my collection.

A. twice as much B. twice so much

C. twice as much as D. so much twice

4. The films made by Walt Disney ______ all over the world.

A. is used to show B. is used to showing

C. used to be shown D. used to show

5. printed on the package are a few words: “Complaints, _______, are to be addressed to the management.”

A. if so B. if any

C. however D. in other words

6. Li Yang, the founder of Crazy English, says that he copies it down _______ he conies to a beautiful sentence.

A. unless B. while

C. because D. every dine

7. I know the teacher was ________ Jack when she spoke of a bright boy in our class.

A. turning to B. corning across

C. referring to D. picking up

8. Since Joe was 67 it did not seem _________ that he would continue long in that position.

A. probably B. possibly

C. likely D. impossible

9. The newly-wed couple have been ______ a new house, but the ones they've seen have all been

too expensive.

A. looking about B. looking out for

C. looking into D. looking forward to

10. His description of the accident disagrees _______ that of the other witness (目击者).

A. on B. with C. to D. about

11. A minor carelessness almost __________ him the chance of entering the famous university.

A. cost B. pay C. took D. made

12. The Shanghaiese are making great efforts to beautify the city ______more overseas companies will come.

A. in order to B. so as to

C. so that D. as a result

13. Owen sent an e-mail to _____ that he was off to America with Glen.

A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell of

14. I have tried to keep your advice in mind when _________ this year's report.

A. to write B. writing

C. to be writing D. written

15. If Rebecca had started at nine o’clock, she _________ in London by eleven o'clock.

A. must be B. could have been

C. should be D. ought to have been

Keys: 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D

Step III:Writing:

The art of being a good listener.

高三英语教案：unin15 Study skills教学目标

这篇《高三英语教案：unin15 Study skills教学目标》是小编为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助。以下信息仅供参考！！！

一、本单元的语言知识主要有：
1. remind sb. of sth.
2. fix a date for…
3. on作“关于；论及”的用法
4. “be + to be + 过去分词”表示“有必要做某事”、“有可能做某事”或“按计划做某事”的用法
5．Dip into表示“随便翻阅；浏览”的用法
6．not作部分否定的用法
7．V-ing作伴随状语的用法
8．in a word
9．shut up
10．above all
11．here and there
12．once again
13．look out for
14．in reply（to…）／reply to
15．in different ways
16．take turns
二、本单元应掌握的日常交际用语有：
l．I’d love to…
2．Would you like to…
3．Will you come to…？
4．I had no idea + 从句。
三、本单元在语法方面主要复习和系统和总结行为动词和情态动词的时态,归纳了句中谓语构成的基本形式.
四、英文书信是本单元在书面表达方面的教学要求。培养做读书笔记的能力也是本单元在阅读教学方面的要求。因为这种题型能比较客观和综合地反映学生的阅读理解能力和书面表达能力。

教学建议

1. are to be tasted/swallowed/chewed and digested 是be + 动词不定式被动式结构，这种结构意为某事应当、必须如何，常用在通知和说明书里。如：
This medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals. 此药一日三次，饭后服。
Such men are to be pitied. 这种人应当得到怜悯。
This form is to be filled in in pencil. 此表须用铅笔填写。
The recorder you borrowed last week is to be returned before May 6.
你上周借的收录机应当于五月六日前归还。
2. sb. + be likely + to-v. 意为某人可能做某事，还常用It + be + likely + that – cl. 结构表示某事可能发生。如：
He does not seem likely to get it from you. 他看来不可能从你这儿得到它。
An accident is likely to happen again. 可能会再次发生事故。
It’s not likely there’ll be much difficulty. 不可能有很大困难。
3.appreciate(vt.)意为喜欢，欣赏；感激；理解等。如：
That’s just because you can’t appreciate music.
那正是因为你不会欣赏音乐。
I appreciate the difficulty. 我理解那个困难。
I greatly appreciate your kindness. 我非常感激你的好心。
4.offer(n.) 意为主动提供的职位，帮助等。如：
You ought to accept the offer. 你应该收下人家主动提供的帮助。
Thank you for your kind offer of help. 谢谢你的好心的帮助。
offer (.vt.) 意为（主动）提出做某事（接不定式）；主动给（接名词、代词或双宾语）。如：He offered to lend me some books. 他主动提出借几本书给我。
I have been offered a job in Spain. 有人主动为我提供在西班牙的工作。
5.短语动词 get at 意为理解，领会，掌握。如：
It is not easy to get at the meaning of every idiom in English. 要弄懂每一个英语成语的意思是不容易的。
We have finally managed to get at the facts of the matter. 我们终于设法掌握了所有的事实。
get at还表示到达；找到，得到；开始干（工作）等。如：
This village is difficult to get at. 这个村庄很难到达。
We have to get at some money somehow. 我们得设法弄点钱。
I hope I have time to get at my homework tonight. 我希望今晚能开始做家庭作业 。
6.切勿混淆so do I和so I do
so do I 属于“so + do（be，have，can）+ 主语”结构，是倒装语序。表示同样的看法或做法。如：
Tom went swimming yesterday．
汤姆昨天去游泳了，我也去了。
I can speak French. And so can my sister.
我会讲法语。我妹妹也会。
so I do属于“so + 主语 +do（be，have，can）”结构用于赞同对方的话，或对前文提及的情况给予肯定。如：
－The workers worked very hard．
－工人们工作很努力。
一So they did．他们的确如此。
7．some time，sometime，sometimes用法比较
some time是名词词组，通常表示“一段时间”。
He rang again after some time．
过了一会儿他又打电话来了。
It will take some time to translate this book．
翻译这本书要费一些时间。
sometime是副词，表示“曾经，某时，有朝一日”，常同过去时或将来时连用。如：
Will you go and see your teacher sometime？
你哪一天去看看你的老师好吗？
The accident happened sometime last month．
事故发生在上月某一天。
sometimes是频度副词，表示“有时候”。如：
Sometimes the little girl laughs，and sometimes she cries．
这个小女孩有时笑，有时哭。
Sometimes I went to school by bike and sometimes on foot．
我有时骑自行车上学，有时步行去。
8.find，find out，look for
find通常强调找的结果。其后可跟名词、复合结构或that从句。如：
Use your head, then you’ll find a way.
开动脑筋，就会有办法的。
He found his home village unchanged.
他发现家乡还是老样子。
find out通过观察、调查、询问等方式找出（原因等），或发现（秘密、错误）情况等，其后一般跟名词、代词或从句。如：
Have you found out his address？
你查到他的住址了吗？
please find out when the train leaves．
请打听一下火车什么时候开。
look for强调找的过程。如：
Do you know what he is looking for？
你知道他在找什么吗？
He is looking for his dictionary bought yesterday.
他在找昨天买的那本词典。
9.none与no one
none作代词时，既可指人，也可指物，常常受后面of短语的限制，of后可接复数可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，其后的可数名词或代词必须是三者以上的人或事物。如：
None of my friends smokes/ smoke.
我的朋友中没有一个抽烟。
He liked none of the books.
这些书他一本也不喜欢。
all用于否定是部分否定，而none所表达的否定是全部否定。如：
None of the books is/ are nice.
这些书没有一本是好的。
All of the books are not nice．
这些书并非每本都好。
no one一般用来指人，后面不能跟of短语。no one作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数。如：
No one knows the answer to the question．
没有一个人知道这个问题的答案。
No one was killed in the traffic accident．
在那次交通事故中没有一个人死亡。
nobody是不定代词，只能用于人，常与no one互换。
none和no one常用于简略答语中，none用来回答“How many…”，而no one常用来回答“Who…”，如：
一How many pictures are there on the wall？
墙上有几幅画？
—None．一幅也没有。
－Who is in the lab？谁在实验室里？
一No one（Nobody）．没有人在实验室里。
10．instead与instead彼此不能“代替”
instead是副词，一般单独使用；instead of是介词短语，后面要接宾语，如：
The girl doesn’t want a pen．Give her a pencil instead．
那个女孩不要钢笔，给她一支铅笔吧。
Give him a pencil instead of a pen.
给他一支铅笔，不要给他钢笔。
在句中instead的动作是被“取”的，即要做的；而instead of后面的动作是“舍”，即不做的。如：
Last winter we went to Hainan Island. This winter we are going to Guangzhou instead.
去年冬天我们去了海南岛，今天冬天将去广州。
This winter we are going to Guangzhou instead of Hainan Island.
今天冬天我们将去广州而不去海南岛。

高三英语：unin 14 Roots教学目标

这篇《高三英语：unin 14 Roots教学目标》是小编为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助。以下信息仅供参考！！！

一、教学目标 与要求
通过本单元教学，学生应能熟练地运用表示“希望、意愿、祝愿”的常用语；复习it的用法；了解19世纪欧美白人捕捉和贩运黑人作奴隶及虐待他们的罪恶历史。
二、教学重点与难点
1．重点词汇
become of, once in a while, provide, the moment, go back, role, reason
2．重点句型
1)Born a free man, he was now in Chairs．
2)What shocked him most was that the man who carried him were black．
3)Worse was to come．
4)All he knew was that his African ancestor taught his son and grandson the words in his own language for “river” and “guitar”!
3．语法it的用法
1)There's a knock at the door．Who is it?
2)It's a lovely baby．Is it a boy or a girl?
3)It is/has been three years since we last met．
4)It is necessary for you to do so．
5)It was in the street that I met him this morning.

教学建议

教学教法：高三下学期，教师按部就班的讲课文是不现实的。但高三下册书里却有很多精彩的文章及词汇，舍弃又未免可惜。把课文当作听力来上，即锻炼了听力，又培养了语感。如果听力与写作结合，学生的进步会更快。 写作可以练习听后写大意（main idea），写

高三英语教案范文：Life in the future

课题：Module 5 Unit3 Life in the future

Reading: First impressions

单元/课时学习内容分析

本单元的中心话题是谈论未来生活，本节课时本单元的第一节阅读课，是一篇科普文章，主要是由一个故事来呈现，通过讲述LiQiang 因为中奖来到3008年亲身经历了在未来生活中交通，环境，住房等方面发生的巨大变化，第一印象和感受。

文章是一封以email的方式写给父母的家信，语言简洁明了，理解相对容易，但是文章信息量较大，为学生提供了想象的空间，因此，学生通过快速阅读首先归纳文章的主旨和段意。了解文章从哪些方面描述了未来生活，找到未来世界在以下几方面的变化：跨时空旅行，交通，住房，城镇环境和空气质量。

然后通过回答问题和列表，匹配等练习形式帮助学生获取关于对未来各方面具体描述的信息。同时，由于文章涉及的内容是科学幻想的，学生生活实践中未能尝试和经历的，因此可以借助图片以及与文章内容相关的flash动画等资源帮助学生理解信息，使学生对未来世界有一定的感观认识。

此外，学生通过获取关于对LiQing心理的描写判断其对未来的态度，并找出支持观点的论据或例子。培养学生推理判断的能力。在此基础上，学生对文中描述的未来生活得出自己的结论和判断。对人类的活动进行反思，提倡环保的生活意识，

最后通过本课的学习，学生进行发挥想象，对未来的生活环境和生活方式进行猜测。培养学生发散性思维和创新精神。

学生基本情况简介

高二学生能够运用基本词汇描述用英语简单描述现在和未来的生活，表达个人情感和个人观点，学生具备基本的阅读能力，如概括文意，猜测词义，获取实事细节等。掌握了一些简单的阅读技巧及方法，如略读，找读，跳读等。

但是学生缺乏对文字传达的信息的准确理解。因此学生在人物对未来生活的态度进行判断时，容易形成思维定势，主观臆断。

教学目标

知识与技能目标：

The students will be able to

1. sum up the main idea of the story and each paragraph.

2. make inference about the writer’s attitude towards the future life and to identify the evidence used to infer them.

3. describe the future life by using the language from the text and talk about their imaginations of the future life

教学重点和难点

1) 学生利用上下文猜测的阅读技巧，图片和flash等方式的资源，理解未来生活进行描述的细节信息。

2)人物对未来生活个方面的不同态度的推理和判断。

高中高三英语教案：First aid

1.aid 1) n.帮助，援助，资助 常见结构： first aid急救

in aid of…为了帮助…… with the aid of 借助于 ，在……帮助(救助)下

give/offer aid 援助 come to sb.'s aid 帮助某人 medical aid 医疗救护

cut off aid (突然)终止援助 a hearing aid 助听器 teaching aids 教具

他只有靠呼吸器呼吸。He was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator.

2) vt;适宜的

你把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。

You’d better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.

知识拓展: in place 在适当的位置,适当 out of place不在适当的位置，不适当

in place of 代替 take the place of 代替

短语翻译 1.阻止(某人)做……___________________________

2.触感_____________________________ 3.挤出;榨出______________________

4.在适当的位置___________________5.反复，多次_________________________

6.开展，执行______________________7.找到_____________________________

8.许多，大量_________________________9.自豪___________________________ 10.砍掉，砍伐____________________

完成句子

1. He suddenly________ _________ __________ _______(昨晚他突然病了)。

2. Sunglasses can_______ ________ ________ _________ the sun' s rays (保护我们的眼睛免受…… )。

3. You may __________ ______________(烫伤) by hot liquids.

4. These burns are not serious and they should______ ______ -______ ______ ________ _______ ___________(一天之内就会好许多)。

5. First degree burns __________ ___________when they are pressed(变成白色)。

参考答案：.

短语翻译

1. prevent sb from doing sth 2. sense of touch 3. squeeze out 4. in place

5. over and over again 6. carry out 7. put one‘s hands on

8. a number of 9. be proud of 10. cut off

完成句子

1. fell ill last night 2. protect our eyes from 3. get burnt

4. feel better within a day or two 5. turn white

Unit 5 First aid- Discovering useful structures

Ellipsis

为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。省略句的使用是为了使句子简洁明快，重点突出。

一.句子成分的省略

1. 省略主语

1)(I) Beg your pardon.

2)(It) Sounds like a good idea

2. 省略谓语或谓语的一部分

1)(Is) Anybody here?

2)(Is there) Anything I can do for you?

3. 省略宾语

A: Where has Mr. Smith gone?

B: Sorry, I don’t know (where he has gone.)

4.省略主语和谓语

1)(Are you) Hungry?

2)(I want) Orange juice, please.5.省略不定式后省略动词

A: Would you like to come to the party?

B: I’d love to (come the party.)

Now it’s your turn to find out what have been left out.

1. Haven’t seen you for ages.→I haven’t seen you for ages.

2. Some more tea? →Would you like some more tea?

3. Sounds like a good idea. →That / It sounds like a good idea.

4. Doesn’t matter. →It doesn’t matter.

5. Sorry to hear that. →I’m sorry to hear that.

6. pity you couldn’t come. →It’s/ What a pity you couldn’t come.

7. This way, please. →Come this way, please.

8. Terrible weather! →What terrible weather it is!

9. Joining us for a drink? → Are you joining us for a drink?

10. Going to the supermarket→Are you going to the supermarket?

二.状语从句中的省略

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be, 这时从句中可出现如下结构:

①连词(as, as if, once+名词)

Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.

②连词(though, whether, when)+形容词

Work hard when (you are) young ,or you’ll regret.

③连词(when, while, though)+现在分词

While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.

④连词(when, if ,even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词

⑤连词(as if, as though)+不定式

He opened his mouth as if (he were) to speak.

三.不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to

①在 expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。如:

I asked him to see the film，but he didn’t want to.

②在have, need, ought, be going, used等后面。

③在某些形容词pleased, glad, happy 等后面。

--Will you join the game?

--I’d be glad to.

④否定形式的省略用not to。

如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,通常保留be, have,和have been 。如:

--He hasn’t finished yet.

--Well, he ought to have.

2、-Does your brother intend to study German?

-Yes, he intends______.

A / B to C so D that

答案：B

解析 intend to 后省略了study German。

3、-Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?

-_______.

A Yes, I’d like to go to the Grand Theatre

B I’d like to, but I have an exam tomorrow

C No, I won’t

D That’s right

答案：B

解析 I’d like to 后省略了go　to the Grand Theatre。

4、-You should have thanked her before you left.

-I meant_____, but when I was leaving, I couldn’t find her

anywhere. (2000北京春)

A to do B to C doing D doing to

答案： B

四.so或not的替代现象

so或not代替上文内容，与动词believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，speak，suppose，think及 I’m afraid 等连用。

注意;hope只用I hope not不能用I don’t hope so。

高考回顾

1、-After living in a village for so long, Kathy won’t want to move to a big city.

-I don’t imagine_____.　(07.武汉质检)

A. so B. too C. it D. that

答案：A

2、Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost._____, their political influence should be very great. (2006广东)

A. As a result B.As usual C. Even so D. So far

答案：C

解析 Even so, 即使这样。

3、-You haven’t lost the ticket, have you?

— ___. I know it’s not easy to get another one the moment. (2004江苏)

A I hope not B Yes, I have C I hope so D Yes, I’m afraid so

答案： A

解析: 根据it’s not easy to get another one at the moment 可知说话者很珍惜。

4、-The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

-_____.(2003北京春)

A I guess not so B I don’t guess C I don’t guess so D I guess not

答案：C

解析: I don’t guess so.相当于I don’t think so.。

考点4在than或as…as引导的从句

在than或as…as引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。

He has made greater progress than (he did) before/ever.

He came home earlier than (he was) expected.

She works as hard as young people.

高考回顾

1. George offered a better suggestion to me than_____. (06.中山第一学期期末)

A Henry did to Smith B. that of Smith’s

C. Michael’s D. what Charlie offered to me

答案：D

解析: 在than 后完整的句子为Henry offered a suggestion to Smith

初三英语教案范文:Unit13 Rainy days make me sad

Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad.一 . [话题](Topic) Talk about how things affect you.二 .[重点词组](Key phrases)make me sad，keep out，learn from，make sb. do，more than，for instance，help…to do，so that，have sale，less than三 .[交际用语]1. Loud music makes me tense.2. Loud music makes me want to dance.3. That movie made me sad.4. Why don’t we get something to eat?5. So am I. / So do I.6. Waiting for my friends makes me hungry.7. The color red makes people hungry.8. It tastes terrible.四. [重点难点释义](Language points)Section A:1. Rainy days make me sad.　 雨天让我感到悲伤。rainy 　adj.　 多雨的例如：the rainy season 雨季rainn. 雨例如：The crops need rain. 庄稼需要雨水。rainv. 下雨例如：It began to rain hard. 开始下大雨了。make的用法(1) make +n.例如：make food 　做饭make a plane 做飞机make the bed 　 铺床make money 赚钱(2). make sb./sth. + adj. 使某人（感到），使……处于某种状态make的宾语之后可跟名词，形容词，分词来充当宾语的补足语1)名词作make的宾语补足语例如：The party made her a good teacher. 党把她培养成为一名好教师.名词作宾补2)形容词作make的宾语补足语例如：Soccer makes me crazy. 　 足球使我疯狂。The soft music makes Tina sleepy. 轻柔的音乐使Tina快睡着了。Loud music makes me tense. 过大声音的音乐使我紧张Loud music makes her happy.Loud music makes them energetic. 过大声音的音乐使他觉得精力充沛。It made her sad. 这使她感到难过。Waiting for her made me angry. 我很生气一直等着她。可用到的形容词有：happy，pleased，surprised，angry，annoyed，sad，upset，unhappy，worried，anxious，excited，relaxed，stressed out，tense，calm，scared，comfortable，sick …3)分词作make的宾语补足语例如：I made myself understood by all the students.You must make yourself respected.There was so much noise，the speaker couldn’t make himself .(C)A. hearingB. to hearC. heardD. being heard(3). make sb. / sth. + do …使某人做某事（不能带不定式符号to）例如：Wars make the peace go away.战争使和平远离。The color red makes people want to eat faster.红色使人们吃得更快些。注意：当make 用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to.例如：We were made to work all night. 我们被迫日夜工作。I was made to repeat the story. 我被迫重述这个故事。people who won’t should be made to work.不愿劳动者应被强制劳动．(4) make it　 习惯用语，及时赶到，到达目的地I just made it to my class. （Unit 9）我恰好赶到班级。（arrived in time）I’m sorry I missed your concert，but I was out of town and couldn’t make it.很遗憾错过你的音乐会，但我当时不在而且不能及时赶回来。(5) make of /from./out ofMake of 当原材料制成成品后，原材料未经任何化学变化，仍保持原有性质.例如：The chair is made of wood.At first people believed that air was made of only one gas.Make from　 当原材料制成成品后，经过了化学变化，失去了原有性质.(6) make up of 常用于被动结构：be made up of相当于consist of（由……组成）A car is made up of many different parts.make up from 由…..所制造She wore a necklace made up from gold coins. 她戴着一串有金币制成的项链.2. I'd rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant because I like to listen toquiet music while I'm eating.　 我宁愿去蓝湖餐厅，因为我吃饭时喜欢听轻柔的音乐。(1)rather 原意为相当，为副词如:It's rather cold today. 今天相当冷。rather常与would连用，宁可，宁愿，还是……好些例:I'd rather play tennis than swim.　 我不想游泳，我宁愿去打网球。(2)lagoon 　n.. 环礁湖，咸水湖。3. They also have to know how to make money.　 他们还必须知道如何赚钱。(1)Know how to do 其中的不定式带有疑问词。know what to do 知道做什么。这一句式可以改为复合句，上句也可为：They also have to know how they can make money.又如：please tell me when we should leave. =please tell me when to leave.请告诉我什么时候离开。(2)make money / earn money 挣钱例：His father makes /earns a lot of money as a pilot.他父亲当飞机驾驶员挣钱很多。4. Soft colours like pink and light blue make people relaxed，so they spendmore time eating their meals.柔和的颜色如粉红色和浅蓝色让人们得到放松，因此他们用更多的时间来进餐。(1)like 介词比如像……，诸如……例如：There are several people interested，like Mrs. Jones and Dr.Simpson.有几个人与此事有关，比如像琼斯太太，辛普森医生。同……一样例如：She’s very like her mother. 她很像她的母亲。What’s your new job like? 　你的新工作怎么样？(2)light blue 浅蓝色light 　adj. 浅色的light green curtains 浅绿色的窗帘deep 　adj. 颜色深的， 浓重的。The sky was deep blue. 天空是深蓝色的。(3)spend time (in) doing sth.. 花时间做某事spend money on sth.. 花钱在……方面。We spent a pleasant hour or two talking with our friends.我们和朋友愉快地交谈了一两个小时。They spend a lot of money on advertising. 他们在广告上花了大量的钱。5. It makes me want to join a clean-up campaign. 这让我想加入一次清扫大运动。(1)join加入军队，政党，组织等，成为其中一员。例如：The next year he joined the union. 第二年他加入了工会。(2)join in加入某人，并一起进行某项活动。例如：She joined her husband in his study.她与她的丈夫一块从事他的研究。(3)take part in “参加……”，take an active part in积极参加。例如：Do you take an active part in sports? 你积极参加体育活动吗？Section B6. pros and cons　 n. 赞成和反对的理由例如：To consider all the pros and cons of a matter before reaching a decision.作出决定前先好好考虑所有赞成和反对的理由。7. It’s true that some ads can be very useful. 一些广告的确很有用。(1)It’s + adj. +that 　其中It 是形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。例如：It is strange that be had made a mistake. 真怪，他竟做错了。(2)usefuladj. 有用的useless　 adj. 无用的，无价值的。例如：a useful idea 有用的主意a few useless suggestions 一些无价值的建议8. For instance，they can help you to compare two different products so thatyou can buy the one you really need.　 例如，他们能够帮你比较两种不同的产品，以至于你能买到你真正需要的那个。(1)for instance， for example 例如(2)compare　 比较，对照compare...with...　 把……与……相比例如：If we compare French schools with British schools，we will find many differences.如果我们把法国的学校与英国的学校相比，会发现许多不同之处。compare...to...　 把……比作……例如：The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.这位诗人把他所钟情的女人比作玫瑰花。(3)so that 为了，以便，引导目的状语从句例如：We have to hurry up so that we can catch the last train.我们为了赶上末班车不得不快一点。(4)the one you really need 是定语从句the one 是定语从句中的先行词，that作为引导词在从句中做宾语省略掉了。

9. However，some advertising can be confusing or misleading.然而，一些广告会混淆或误导你。(1)confuse　 v. 使迷惑例如：Waking up in strange surroundings confused her.她醒来时看到一片陌生的环境，这把她搞糊涂了。confusing　 a. 令人迷惑的例如：The instructions are very confusing and I can't understand them.这些指示莫名其妙，我没有办法理解confused　 adj. 迷惑的，糊涂的例如：He gets confused easily. 他很容易被弄糊涂。(2)mislead 　v. 　 使某人想错 / 做错，误导misleading 　adj.例如：a misleading description / advertisement 　误导人的描述（广告）10.…but don’t really tell you anything about the quality of the product.但没有真正告诉你有关产品质量的任何问题。tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人有关某事”，tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。例（1）The granny told us about a thief breaking into her house.老奶奶告诉我们她家失窃的事。（2）The old man told us about his sufferings in the old days.老人告诉我们他过去受的苦。（3）He told the happy news to everybody.他把好消息告诉了大家。

（4）Tell me where you live.告诉我你住在哪儿。11．You have to be careful.你得小心。be careful“小心，当心”，后常跟of短语。与它同义的有look out。【例】 （1）Aren’t you a bit too careful of your health?你对个人的健康难道不是有点过于小心了吗？（2）Be careful when crossing the road.过马路要小心。（3）You must look out for the snags.你们必须当心意外困难。（4）Look out! There’s danger ahead.当心！前面有危险。12. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don't need at all.有时，一个广告能导致你去买你根本不需要的东西。(1)at times，sometimes 有时例如：At times I wonder if it's all worthwhile.有时我怀疑我干这件事是否值得。(2)lead sb. to do 　怂勇，引诱例如：She led me to believe that she had a lot of influence.她诱使我相信她很有权势。(3)not ...at all 无论如何（都不），一点（都不）例如：I don’t agree with you at all.我完全不同意你的话。It was late， but they were not tired at all.已经夜深了，但是他们一点都不觉得累。13. Mon and Dad hadn't left me a note. 妈妈和爸爸也没有给我留个便条。hadn't left，这是过去完成时，过去完成时的动作必须是在过去时间以前完成，基本结构为had + 动词的过去分词。例如：I had finished my homework before supper.　 我在晚饭前把作业做完了。supper 是过去某一时间，had finished 这一过去完成时就是在supper之前完成的。例：When we got there，the basketball match had already started.我们到那里时，篮球赛已经开始了。14．In class, the teacher asked me for my homework.在课上，老师问我要家诞作业。ask sb. for sth.“向某人要某物”，而ask for则表示“请求，通过询问寻找”。【例】 （1）How much did they ask for this book?这本书他们要多少钱？（2）The stranger asked the old man for his address.那陌生人问老人要家庭住址。（3）He came to ask for help.他来求助。（4）Did anyone ask for me?有人找过我吗？15．but as I was so tense when I left home，I had forgotten to bring it with me.但是由于我离开家时太紧张了，我已忘记了带着来。（1）as 连词，因为例如：As she has no car，she can't get there easily.因为她没有汽车，去那里很不容易。As；连词，当……的时候As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.他年纪越来越大，除了喜欢园艺外，对一切都失去了兴趣。（2）forget to do 忘记做……例如：Yesterday when I left home，I forgot to lock the door.昨天我离开家时，忘记锁门了。forget doing 忘记了已经做过的事情。例如：I'll never forget finding that rare old coin in my garden.我永远不会忘记在我花园里找到的那枚稀罕的古币。（3）bring 把某物带给说话人例如：Bring that book to me.　把那本书拿来。take 把某物带到另一地方去例如：Take your umbrella when you go out. 你出去时把伞带上。fetch 去取某物并带来例如：please fetch the scissors from the kitchen. 请到厨房把剪刀拿来。carry 不含任何方向，是指用手或身体的某个部位携带。例如：She carried the bag on her back. 她把包背在背上。16. You keep the sweater and pretend to like it， … 你收下了毛衣，并假装喜欢它。pretend　 v. 假装pretend that / to do例如：She pretended she didn't know me/pretended not to know me when we met in thestreet.我在街上见到她时她装作不认识我。17. If you think flowers are too feminine a gift for a man to receive，you canconsider giving a plant instead.　 如果你认为鲜花对一位男士来说太女性化而不好接受，你可以考虑送一种植物。（1）feminine 　adj. 女子气的，属于女子的（2）too ... to ... 　太……而不能……例如：It was too good an opportunity to miss.那是一个不应该错过的极好机会。（3）consider doing 考虑……例如：I'm considering changing my job.　 我正在考虑换工作。consider that 考虑到例如：If you consider that she's only been studying English for six months，shespeaks it well.　如果考虑到她学英语才六个月，那么她讲英语讲得的确不错了。consider sb. + n / adj. 　认为， 把……看作例如：Do you consider her suitable for the job?　 你认为她做这工作合适吗?18. Be sure to follow your host's suggestions.　 务必要遵从主人的暗示或提议。(1)be sure to 　别忘了，记住例如：Be sure to turn everything off before you go to bed.别忘了睡觉之前关上各样东西。(2)be sure to do 　一定会……的， 必定会发生的。例如：It’s sure to rain. 必定会下雨。(3)be sure of 　对……有把握.例如：He's sure of living to ninety.　 他对活到90岁很有信心。19．The problem is you don’t like wearing orange.问题是你不喜欢穿橘黄色衣服。that（已省略）引导的是表语从句；like后可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，如表示一般倾向，多用动名词作宾语，但如指特定或具体某次行动，则更多使用不定式。【例】 （1）The trouble is (that) we are short of money.困难是我们缺少钱。（2）The problem seemed how we could make him understand it.问题似乎是我们如何能使他理解这点。（3）I like reading books of this kind.我喜欢看这类书。（4）I’d like to read that book.我想看那本书。（5）She likes reading newspapers at night.她喜欢晚上看报。（6）I should like to be present at the meeting.我希望出席这次会议。20．The gift-giver is too lazy to go out and find the right gift.送礼的人太懒了，不愿出去找一份合适的礼物。too…to…“太……结果不……”，too后跟形容词或副词原形，to引导不定式。【例】 （1）She is too young to marry.她还没到结婚年龄。（2）The box is too heavy for me to carry.这个箱子太重，我搬不动。（3）He is too careful not to have noticed it.他那么细心，不会不注意到这一点的。五.语法知识1．宾语补足语宾语补足语和宾语一起称为复合宾语，可作宾语补足语的有：名词，代词，形容词，副词，分词，不定式，介词短语，名词从句。【例】 （1）We call him Jim.我们叫他吉姆。（2）Whom do you think of me?你以为我是谁？（3）please keep the room clean.请保持室内清洁。（4）He found her out.他发现她出去了。（5）She found the book interesting.她认为这本书很有意思。（6）You’d better have your shoes mended.你还是请人把鞋补一补吧。（7）Make yourselves at home.不要受拘束。（8）We made him what he is.是我们使他成为现在这样。2．宾语补足语的注意事项1）作补语的形容词应放在宾语后，若放在前则变成了定语。【例】 （1）We found the man honest.我们发现此人很诚实。（宾补）（2）We found the honest man.我们发现了这个诚实的人。（定语）2）在动词elect, choose, make之后用作补语的名词，若是表示“身份，职位”则不带冠词。【例】 They elected Li Lei monitor last week.上周他们选李雷当班长。3）有些动词后通常跟“to be＋名词或形容词短语”作补语，但to be常省去。这些动词有：think, consider, believe, imagine, suppose, see, find, feel, etc.。【例】 He thinks himself (to be) a clever man.他认为自己很聪明。4）复合宾语可变为宾语从句。【例】 We think her a nice woman.→ We think that she is a nice woman.我们认为她是个很好的人。5）动词let, make, have及感官动词后用不带to的不定式作补语，若变为被动语态，应将to加上。【例】 I saw tears come into her eyes.→ Tears were seen to come into her eyes.我看到她眼里含着泪。6）感官动词后跟不带to的不定式或现在分词作补语，其区别在于不定式强调事实经过或动作已完成，而现在分词则强调当时情景或动作正在进行。请比较。【例】 （1）I like to hear her sing.我喜欢听她唱歌。I heard her singing last night.昨晚我听到她在唱歌。（2）I saw him cross the road and go into the hospital.我看见他走过了马路，进了医院。I saw him crossing the road when I looked out of the window.当我向窗外看时，看见他在过马路。

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